Below is a surprisingly bare list of foods that can get you through a wide variety of plant-based eating. You can make nearly any type of cuisine with these ingredients.
nuts and seeds (almonds, walnuts, brazil nuts, hempseed, flaxseed, pumpkin seeds)
grains (quinoa, buckwheat groats, black rice, wild rice, brown rice, steel-cut oats)
legumes (chickpeas, lentils)
dried fruit (goji berries, dates, figs, raisins)
coconut: powdered, shredded, creamed
seaweed
chickpea miso
wasabi powder
nutritional yeast
mustard
apple cider vinegar, white wine vinegar, red wine vinegar, balsamic vinegar
soy sauce (look for low-sodium versions, or alternatives like liquid aminos)
hot sauce (try a fermented, probiotic version)
raw cacao powder
teas (green, black, herbal)
baking powder and baking soda
arrowroot powder
popcorn kernels
spices: herbs de provence, basil, oregano, thyme, rosemary, sage, dill weed, sea salt, pepper, cayenne, paprika, chipotle pepper powder, crushed red chili pepper flakes, chili powder, garlic powder, ginger powder, bay leaves, whole cumin, ground cumin, ground coriander, garam masala, brown mustard seeds, onion powder, turmeric, curry powder, kelp granules, cinnamon powder, whole cloves, cardamom seeds